If the procedure is carried out correctly, there is no danger of the teeth being damaged. The amount of enamel removed is minimal – just fractions of a millimetre. For each group of teeth there is a set maximum amount that can be removed, and this must not be exceeded. Orthodontists use special measuring instruments to control the process. When the rules of stripping (interproximal reduction, IPR) are followed, there is no risk of decay or damage to the teeth.
This answer is for general information. Your own case needs an examination by an orthodontist.